Problem 1.
Prove that the limit of a uniformly convergent sequence of functions
continuous on
is itself a function continuous on
.
Hint: Clearly,
where
.
Use the uniform convergence to make the sum of the first and third terms on the right small for sufficiently large n. Then, use the continuity of to make the second term small for t sufficiently close to
.
Problem 2.
Prove that if R is complete, then the intersection figuring in the theorem 2 consists of a single point. Theorem 2 is recalled here: Nested sphere theorem: A metric space R is complete if and only if nested sequence
of closed spheres in R such that
as
has a non empty intersection
.
Problem 3.
Prove that the space m is complete. Recall: Consider the set of all bounded infinite sequences of real numbers and let
. This is a metric space which we denote by m.
Problem 4:
By the diameter of a subset A of a metric space R is meant the number
Suppose R is complete and let be a sequence of closed sets of R nested in the sense that
Suppose further that
.
Prove that the intersection is non empty.
Problem 5.
A subset A of a metric space R is said to be bounded if its diameter is finite. Prove that the union of a finite number of bounded sets is bounded.
Problem 6.
Give an example of a complete metric space R and a nested sequence of closed subsets of R such that
.
Reconcile this example with Problem 4 here.
Problem 7.
Prove that a subspace of a complete metric space R is complete if and only if it is closed.
Problem 8.
Prove that the real line equipped with the distance metric function
is an incomplete metric space.
Problem 9.
Give an example of a complete metric space homeomorphic to an incomplete metric space.
Hint: Consider the following example we encountered earlier: The function establishes a homeomorphism between the whole real line
and the open interval
.
Comment: Thus, homeomorphic metric spaces can have different metric properties.
Problem 10:
Carry out the program discussed in the last sentence of the following example:
Ir R is the space of all rational numbers, then is the space of all real numbers, both equipped with the distance
. In this way, we can “construct the real number system.” However, there still remains the problem of suitably defining sums and products of real numbers and verifying that the usual axioms of arithmetic are satisfied.
Hint: If and
are Cauchy sequences of rational numbers serving as “representatives” of real numbers
and
respectively, define
as the real number with representative
.
I will post the solutions in about a week’s time.
Regards,
Nalin Pithwa.